An Overview of Sexual Harassment

Sexual harassment is one of the biggest problems facing our schools and businesses today. A week rarely goes by without a reminder of the pervasiveness of sexual harassment as a social problem. Sexual harassment is a growing problem in the government agencies, schools, and the corporations of the world; however, many corporations are now adopting new anti-harassment policies. (Conta) The definition of sexual harassment is any unwanted or inappropriate sexual attention. That includes touching, looks, comments, or gestures. A key part of sexual harassment is that it is one sided and unwanted. There is a great difference between sexual arassment and romance or friendship, since those are mutual feelings of two people. Often sexual harassment makes the victim feel guilty, but it is important for the victim to remember that it is not their fault, the fault lies totally on the person who is the harasser. Many times fear is involved in sexual harassment because it isn't about physical attraction, it's about power. In fact, many sexual harassment incidents take place when one person is in a position of power over the other; or when a woman has an untraditional job such as a police officer, factory worker, business executive, or ny other traditionally male job. Typical victims of harassment are young, single, college-educated, members of a minority racial or ethnic group (if male), in a trainee position (or office/ clerical positions if male), or have an immediate supervisor of the opposite Presently, it is hard for courts and others to decide when sexual harassment has taken place because the definition of sexual harassment is much too broad. Clearing up the legal definition of sexual harassment would discourage and punish harassers and bring comfort to the victims. Here are some points to remember in deciding hen sexual harassment takes place: Sexual harassment is one-sided and * It is about power and not attraction. * Subtle sexual behavior is sometimes socially acceptable, but some would consider it offensive and want it stopped. * Moderate sexual behavior is not socially acceptable, reasonable * Severe sexual behavior is never acceptable. (Swisher 28) Sexual harassment is a major problem in public schools, colleges, and universities. Surveys on college campuses show the number of respondents reporting to have been sexually harassed ranging from 40-70 percent. Only two percent of campus harassment ases involve a professor demanding sex in return for a good grade. Most cases involve male and female students. In public schools current sexual harassment definitions are inappropriate, since bad sexual behavior of today's children isn't sexual harassment, but it is a reflection of the vulgar, violent, and the sexually explicit nature of our media and culture. When little six-year-old children get suspended from school for kissing girls on the cheek, it is not an example of sexual harassment but of political Sexual harassment is still a big problem in schools and every school district in Washington now has an antiharassment policy. Junior high or middle school has the biggest problem with sexual harassment mainly because of their immaturity and out-of-control hormones†. Says Viki Simmons of the YWCA. â€Å"Many times in high school, students don't think anything about it when harassment happens, but schools are now cracking down on it†. Simmons interview) In the business world employers are now on notice that sexual harassment will no longer be tolerated in the workplace. Claims brought against alleged harassers include wrongful termination, invasion of privacy, violation of due process and free speech rights, efamation, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Sexual harassment usually happens to women in low-paying jobs, or women that have to have a job in order to support themselves and children. If sexual harassment happens at work, write down a detailed description of what took place, so that it is well recorded and you don't have to think back to the incident. You should keep a note pad handy for this purpose, or write it on a napkin to help you * What actually took place and what the offender said Another way to do this is to write a letter to the harasser. Be sure to keep a copy. Tell the person clearly in the letter that his behavior toward you is unwanted. Tell the person that he will be reported if the behavior doesn't stop (Kolbert). According to the research group Catalyst, recent studies have found that 40 percent to 60 percent of woman say they have been harassed sometime in their Employers have a duty to investigate allegations of sexual harassment, and their employees have a legitimate interest in knowing what activities could result in their termination. Ever clearer definitions of sexual harassment are being implemented by more and more corporations around the country. As this happens, an increasing number of companies are searching for new ways of protecting themselves against allegations, adopting their own anti- harassment policies to combat this growing problem. CEO's should do a variety of things to stop sexual harassment in the work place. The most important thing is senior management makes it clear to workers that harassment in any form won't be tolerated. If top managers don' take the issues seriously, employees won't either. Managers must also understand they are responsible for their Companies need an explicit written policy on sexual arassment that is widely available in the workplace. Most consultants advise companies to do more than just post the policy on bulletin boards. They should distribute it company wide, repeatedly. Copies should be included in new employee orientation packets. Employees should have clear definitions of what sexual harassment is Many companies are now offering employee training sessions on sexual harassment, and many say that follow up training is a good idea. Training programs should include all employees, rather than just managers. The tone should be gender neutral and avoid heavy iscussions on male harassment that might cause some resentment among the male employees. Many times programs aren't effective because they spend a lot of time just attacking men and not the crime. Companies need a good system to deal with complaints. A clear process for handling complaints shows that a company takes them seriously. Until 1991 it was harder for woman to make allegations of sexual harassment, since woman felt like there was nothing that they could do about it. But the highly publicized hearings of Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill in 1991 changed everything. During the fall of 1991, the subject of sexual harassment rabbed news headlines. Everyone began discussing this issue and emotions ran high. Judge Clarence Thomas was nominated to be a Supreme Court Justice, which is America's highest court, and Supreme Court Justices have their jobs for life. They cannot be fired. Before a person can be made a Justice, he or she must be questioned and Judge Thomas was ounce the head of a U. S. agency called the EEOC. The EEOC makes sure everyone is treated fairly when applying for a job. It also enforces laws against sexual harassment. Anita Hill is a law professor who worked with Judge Thomas at the EEOC many years ago. A few weeks into the Congressional Questioning she came forward and accused Thomas of sexual harassment. She claimed that he used to constantly ask her for dates and spoke to her about pornographic films he had seen. Anita Hill said that she was deeply offended by these remarks but felt that she could not complain. Clarence Thomas was her boss, and she thought that her career could be Anita Hill was a very believable witness. But Judge Thomas denied her charges in the strongest possible terms. Who was telling the truth? The country was divided. But the issue was being discussed everywhere. Women from all across the nation told of their experiences with sexual harassment. And many men admitted being Finally, the senate voted to approve Judge Thomas. But the vote was close. Many senators had doubts about Thomas's character. Others did not the, Thomas's career should be destroyed because of one person's story. They said there was not enough evidence to prove there was wrongdoing. In the end, everyone agreed that sexual harassment is a serious problem everyone must become more sensitive It's important to know that men have trouble too. Women are not the only victims of sexual harassment. More and more men are being harassed in the workplace, classrooms, and locker rooms. Whoever is in the position of power tends to be the harasser. Men can be victims of both woman and other men Sexual harassment is very wide spread, but there are ways of avoiding it, such as: Keeping everything strictly on a business level. If working in the same room as the harasser, create a barrier between the two work stations with a desk or file cabinet, etc. Do not ask for personal favors or special treatment from the harasser so that he won't feel he is owed anything. Do not talk about anything personal.

Library System Essay

System Design contains Logical Designing & Physical Designing. Logical designing describes the structure & characteristics or features, like output, input, files, database & procedures. The physical design which follows the logical design, actual software & a working system. There will be constraints like Hardware, Software, Cost, and Time & Interfaces, While Structured design is a data flow methodology. The graphical representation of data flow, communication & defining the modules & their relationship with each is known as Structure Chart. This method decomposes & modularizes the system so that the complexity & manageability will come down. Thus reducing the intuitive reasoning & promotes the maintainable provable systems. Barcode Reader is an electronic device for reading printed barcodes. Like a flatbed scanner, it consists of a light source, a lens and a light sensor translating optical impulses into electrical ones. Additionally, nearly all barcode readers contain decoder circuitry analyzing the barcode’s image data provided by the sensor and sending the barcode’s content to the scanner’s output port. Computers are fast becoming our way of life and one cannot imagine life without computers in today’s world. Go to a library or go to a bank, computers at all places. Since computers are used in every possible field today, it becomes an important issue to understand and build these computerized systems in an effective way. The goal is to work smarter, get real value from efforts, increase efficiency, and save time. Today, more organizations are turning on to computer based information system to help them deal to the problem that they encountered in the company. These impacts most of the levels in organization because of the large amount of data that is accumulated. And the manual way of maintaining a data is not enough to store a data or information. There will be unavailability for future use, since data might get misplaced during manual filing. So data won’t be preserved properly for future use. And since everything and every details is written down manually in paper there will be too much paper works. Many application and software system are being created to meet the needs and satisfaction of the company. One of the systems is Management Information System and many others. And so, this study would like to contribute in the field of Information Technology by proposing an automated library system using a barcode Reader for Sta. Cecilia Parochial School’s library system. SCPS is a catholic school and a parish Church in Barangay Maly, San Mateo, Rizal. The library system they use up to now involves manual transaction and process without any help from computers that result for a long time consumption. With these problem stated above, the proponent came up with an automated library system using barcode reader. This will help eliminate the need for manual entry of data and for faster processing of transaction in the library. It is proven to be very efficient in inventory, tracking, and faster procedure. Background of the Study  Sta. Cecilia Parochial School, as a Catholic Institution, is a part of the state and therefore has a legal character. As mandated in the manual of regulations, it is subject to DepEd rules. It operates legally as a corporation but as a private institution it possesses necessary to perform functions. Inspired by the resolution and decrees of the Second Plenary Council of the Philippines on the role of Catholic Schools in evangelization, Rev. Fr. Efren C. Villanueva, Parish Priest of then newly built Sta. Cecilia Parish, opened Sta. Cecilia Parochial School (SCPS) in June 1993. The school was named Sta. Cecilia after the church name and the donor of the land (Cecilia Amado) where the school stands. The school started with only 47 pupils distributed in Nursery, Kinder, Preparatory and Grade one levels who occupied the two-storey support parish hall. Every year, one grade level is added and this made the completion of the Elementary Department that had its first batch of graduates in 1998. Due to population increase of almost a hundred each year, Fr. Efren decided to put up an initial two-storey building with eight classrooms in December 1994. This was made possible through a loan courtesy of sister banks namely: Rural Bank of San Mateo and Valley Rural Bank of Marikina. The same director added one-storey building into three-storey in 1997. An extension three-storey building was being built when Fr. Efren was transferred to another MAPSA school in the diocese of Antipolo in September 15, 1997. He was replaced by Rev. Fr. Joselito R. Rocero. In 1998, SCPS opened its Secondary Department and started to accept freshmen students only until the secondary level was completed. In 2002, SCPS had its first batch of High School graduates. With the leadership of Fr. Lito, the school continues to develop in all its areas. A two-storey building was constructed at the extreme right of the main building where the school canteen, Administrator’s office, HRDO, Faculty Room and Audio Visual Room were housed. Air-conditioned units were installed in Pre-school rooms and offices. Computer laboratory and stage were constructed. Cementing of the ground, school window grills installation and construction of covered path walk are also some of his projects through the support of the P. T. A. On Februrary 15, 2004, Fr. Lito was confined due to heart ailment and on March 2004he underwent a by-pass operation. In his absence of six months, he was relieved by Rev. Fr. Romarico V. Hilario. Fr. Rico strengthened the marketing strategies of the school thru billboards and streamers made of tarpaulin. He initiated the repainting of the new building. He launched successfully a clean and green program in the school, and created the school MOTTO: â€Å"Our commitment, Your Future† which compliments the Vision and Mission of the school. Fr. Lito resumed to service in SCPS on Oct. 2006. He was transferred to Our Lady of Nativity Parochial School on October 23, 2006 and was repleaced on the same day by Rev. Fr. Roy B. Crucero, the former school director of St. Michael Parochial School in Jala-jala, Rizal. He was assigned as Parish Priest and SCPS Director on Novevember 22, 2006. Being a young energetic and very decisive director, Fr. Roy introduced changes in the varied systems of different departments of SCPS. He initiated the first strategic planning session of the school at Our Lady of Peace Retreat House, Antipolo City on May 2007. It was participated by 17 SCPS personnel and was facilitated by the able Finance Officer of Cainta Catholic College, Mr. Reldino R. Aquino. The previous Vision-Mission Statement underwent revision to respond to the needs of the Cecilian community. Through effective processing, a draft of the new vision-mission statement was then finally structured, which hopefully, will give direction to SCPS in the entirety of its operation. Sta. Cecilia Parochial School’s library system is currently using card catalogs, to search for the books. Students manually borrow and return books by signing in the log book. This log book doesn’t have a proper security because anyone can access to tamper it. In signing in the log book the borrower consumes more time and effort just to sign up all information that is needed. In searching for the books, the borrower will go to the book shelves that are labeled by the category of the books and look for the book one by one. After that, the borrower will go back to the school librarian to give his/her library card so that the librarian could write the book that will be borrowed and set a policy. The card catalogs that the librarian is using are not yet completed. In some cases, the primary number of books was already made to the other book and also put to another book, so it creates confusion to the librarian. Mission and Vision Mission Statement As a living witness of the Gospel, Sta. Cecilia Parochial School envisions to harmonize Science and Religion that value life and culture who promotes faith, hope, justice and unconditional love. Vision Statement Inspired by the virtues of St. Cecilia we will strive to: †¢ Provide quality education with spirituality at the core of the curriculum †¢ Build responsible Catholic Christian community by imbibing love and service for others. †¢ Preserve the integrity of creation and total human development. Organizational Chart Rev. Fr. Roy B. Crucero School Director Mrs. Linda V. Pertudo Principal Rev. Fr. Arnel H. Hosena OSJ Bro. Arthuro G. Canizo, OSJ Spiritual Director School Treasurer Ms. Aurea A. Gupit Academic Coordinator Mrs. Fe Doralita C. Ergina Mrs. Higinia L. Briones Guidance Counselor Registrar Mrs. Juilet Andales Mrs. Corazon Otawa Mrs. Arlene L Vergara Librarian Science Coordinator English Coordinator Faculty Advisers – Elementary Department Faculty Advisers – High School Department Non – Advisers Support Staff General Sevices Figure 1. 1 Organizational Chart of SCPS (Administration and Staff) Faculty Advisers – Elementary Department Mrs. Rosana T. Saplor Ms. Catherene R. Azucena Prep/ Kinder I – Faith Mrs. Juvy M. Balute Ms. Jacquelyn T. Purino I – Hope II – Wisdon Ms. Marie B. Caliguiran Ms. Rea P. Mercado II – Knowledge III – Humility Mrs. Angelina C. Lamis Ms. Roselie P. Forro III – Piety IV – Honesty Mrs. Anna D. Trijo Ms. Ludelyn V. Marquez IV – Courtesy V – Generosity Mr. Jose D. C. Otawa Mrs. Jonavie S. Rosales V – Loyalty VI – Chastity Ms. Vivian C. Bilela Ms. Monaliza B. Caliguiran VI – Obedience Teacher – Aide Figure 1. 2 Organizational Chart of SCPS (Faculties – Elementary Department) Faculty Advisers – High School Department Mrs. Agnes P. Ty Mrs. Liwanag C. De Villa I – St. Jude / Filipino I I – St. Dominic / TLEI Mrs. Dariae R. Batacan Ms. Annabelle P. Pastolero I – St. Martin / Science I I – St. Blaise / English I Mr. Arnold Dominic D. Ty Mr. Jesus D. Gonzales I – St. Jude / Social Studies I & III I – St. Michael / MAPEH I & II Mrs. Eva M. Ebora Mr. Eduardo A. Almazar II – St. Mary / Math II II – St. Elizabeth / Social Studies I & II Mrs. Marilyn. DV. Catillon Ms. Elena B. Dagnalan II – St. Anne / Science Technology II II – St. Bernadette / Religion I & II Mr. Osmond B. Baylen Mrs. Imelda H. Hernandez II – St. Therese / English III – St. Mathew / Sci-Tech. III Mrs. Emila B. Ergina Mrs. Myrna A. Velasco III – St. Mark / Filipino III & IV III – St. Luke / Religion I & II Ms. Melanie O. Espejo Mrs. Leilani G. Flormata III – St. John The Evangelist / Math III III – St. Thomas / TLE II & III Mrs. Ofelia M. Abarado Ms. Tina H. Tan IV – St. Joseph / Math IV IV – St. John B / Social Studies I & IV Mrs. Richelle M. Baylen Mrs Marivi V. Agcalis IV – St. Peter / Filipino II & IV IV – St. Clement/English IV & Speech Mr. Miguel A. Litan IV – St. Paul / Math I & Sci-Tech. IV Figure 1. 3 Organizational Chart of SCPS (Faculties – High School Department) Non – Advisers Ms. Blesilda V. Bolanos Mrs. Hera M. Domingo Sci – Tech. II School Nurse Sports Coordinator / MAPEH I & III Mr. Rolphy M. Libelo Mrs. Belen U. Perez Computer Teacher Math I & III Mrs. Evelyn R. Raymundo Ms. Jennifer D. Bragas TLE II English III / Enlish Club Mr. Sozimo M. Rosales Religion I & IV Figure 1. 4 Organizational Chart of SCPS (Non – Advisers) Support Staff Ms. Milagros C. Pudadera Ms. Ivy C. Yanga Cashier Assistant to the Cashier Dr. John D. Magat, M. D. Dr. Felicidad V. Delos Reyes School Doctor School Dentist Figure 1. 5 Organizational Chart of SCPS (Support Staff) General Services Mr. Roger F. Apin Mr. Jomar Otico General Service General Service Mr. Elmer Sitar Mr. Glen Villagracia General Service General Service Mr. Ariel Bunda Ms. Aida C, Pescasio General Service General Service Mr. Arvin Poral Mr. David Ramilo General Service General Service Renante L. Matan Jose N. Montevirgen Security Guard Security Guard Figure 1. 6 Organizational Chart of SCPS (General Services) Statement of the Problem The current library system are done manually by the librarian and borrowers in terms of borrowing, lending of books, making a daily, weekly, and monthly reports. With this kind of manual system, the transaction and activity in the library takes more time and sometimes a delay that causes some problems for the student like being late in their classes. The proponent comes up a six statement of the problem that is gathered from the interview about the library system of SCPS. 1. The current system cannot provide a security for authorized users, thus, tampering of data and information is possible. 2. The library system of the school cannot monitor properly & efficiently the borrowing and returning of books which results to unorganized procedure of transaction. 3. The existing system does not have the capability of monitoring the availability of books and other materials in the library. 4. The searching of books from the library requires a lot of time in order to check for the availability of the book. 5. The current system cannot provide an accurate & timely reports needed by the librarian in terms of information gathering. 6. The library system does not have any help from computer devices which make the procedure and transactions consume more time. Objectives of the Study This study aim to provide an automated library system for SCPS that will make the transaction in the library faster and more efficient. The time problem for borrowing and returning of the book will reduced, and the problem that are state above will be terminated or lessen. This library system will implement a unique username and password for the librarian to prevent the database and records from unauthorized access, thus making the librarian and borrowers lessen their effort in finding books in the library. 1. To develop a library system that has a strong security system that keeps the important records and information in the database from unauthorized access. This will provide a library card, unique username and password having a database for accessing the books so that will avoid the tampering of data and records. The librarian is the administrator of the proposed system and only the librarian has the access to open the administrator account which will provide the retrieving of records and information 2. To make easier to borrow a books, the students and faculty members are required present a library card to the librarian. The borrowed books will be record from the database of the system. In returning a book the librarian will check the library card to see the records of the borrower. And check the borrowed book if damaged or overdue to its policy, if damaged, the librarian will give the penalty fee, After the checking of records and returning of books the borrowers library card will be cleared and the transaction will be saved in the database. 3. The proposed system will record all transaction that happened every day in the library, in that way the system can monitor the availability of the books and other materials in the library. The proposed system will provide a library control over the quantity of books on hand, provided with actual book number allowing accurate valuation of books on hand. 4. The proposed system will required the borrower to present a library card to the librarian. Then they can search a book using search button that will require inputting a title of the book, category and author name. There is a library map which the books are located provided by the search button, it will directly point the shelves were the book is located. In that case the process of searching for a book will reduce. 5. The proposed system will have a database which all the transaction and information will be stored every time to have an accurate report, so that the librarian can easily print it out from the database anytime is needed. Only the registered accounts will record in the database for reports, in this case any transaction must be done always by logging-in in the system. 6. The proposed system will implement a Local Area Network so borrowers and librarian can communicate with each other and transfer data between workstations very easily. All the data from the borrower’s computer will be sent in the database of librarian’s computer. LAN base is needed in order to work precisely the proposed system because it requires a communication and connection between the server and borrowers account. Scope and Limitation The main scope of this study will focus only on Sta. Cecilia Parochial School’s library system, when implemented it will improve the transaction process in Sta. Cecilia Parochial School’s library system to make it more effective and accurate for storing and retrieving a information of a book as well as the borrowers. This study will help the library system of Sta. Cecilia Parochial School to have an automated library system in their school. This study is not responsible in computing the new books that are going to buy. Transaction payment of any book damaged, lost and unreturned books are not scope of these study. The proposed system will help the school and the librarian to transact easily, minimize the paper on the library, gives more security both to the students and for the school. The system is designed to store a large amount of data about book and search these books by title, author, and at the same time it can make a registration of account for a new user of the Automated Library System. The Security of the system will be strong to keep the important data of the system from unauthorized access; the librarian will be the server at the same time the administrator of the proposed library system. Only the librarian has the access to open the administrator account. If the librarian forgot the password, the librarian is provided for retrieving the password in the proposed system. Registration of accounts will be implemented and stored in the proposed database. Only the registered user can access to borrow the books to bring outside the library, a borrower must have an account before accessing to the system. Every user will have a unique registered name. Borrowing and returning of books are accurately monitored by the proposed system. Books that are damaged, borrowed and overdue will be recorded to the borrowers account. Only registered user has the privilege to borrow a book in the proposed library system. Borrowed book can only return by the user who borrowed the book. Daily, weekly and monthly reports will be generated by the proposed system. Registered users are the only people can send reports in the proposed system. Merit information like new students’ library records and list of students, system error will be reported early. The Maintenance of the proposed system will be updated in every new user, newly acquired books as well as the update of the barcode reader when there is malfunction that may be encountered. Authorized people will be the only people can practice the maintenance especially in manipulating the merit data. Help module will be generated by the proposed system to be able for the borrower to easily use the system. A back-end will be installed in the computer together with the proposed system that will enter the record by the Librarian. The system will have a LAN based system for book search to allow students to browse an available book as well as to have a communication from librarian’s computer up to the borrower’s computer. A back-up copy of the data base will be set up by using a separate storage device in case of data loss. The limitation of the proposed system is that the system will not have a module that will compute for the penalty fees when the books are overdue, damaged and lost of a book. The due date of the book is depend on what the librarian and the borrower negotiated. Three days is the maximum days in borrowing a book. Only three book can be borrow in every borrower . Natural circumstances that will occur like computer break down and unexpected errors in hardware of the computer are inevitable with these problems. CHAPTER II SYSTEM DESIGN Description of the Existing System The library of Sta. Cecilia Parochial School is currently using a manual procedure on the library current system. When the first day of classes start, students register at the library to have an access and to use its facilities. The student presents an identification card to the librarian and the librarian will give a registration form to the student, the student must fill up the form and present it to the librarian and the librarian will process the registration in the librarian record book. Every student who will register at the library must have a 2 pieces of 1Ãâ€"1 pictures that will be attached to the library card after the librarian processed the registration. After the registration processed the student can start using the library and the student will have the privilege to borrow the book in the library. The librarian will keep the registration forms and records of the library filling cabinet. In borrowing books in Sta. Cecilia Parochial School’s library, the borrower must have a library card. In every transaction inside the library the borrower must present the library card specially when borrowing the book and take it outside the library. The librarian will keep the library card until the borrower returns the book from the date it will be returned. A maximum of three books are the only allowed to be borrowed and it is only for three days. When a borrower will return a book in the library, the librarian will check the library card of the borrower and the date of the book is borrowed, and the librarian will check if it is overdue, the librarian will sign the library card before giving it back to the borrower. If the book is overdue the librarian will give a penalty slip, the borrower must pay first to the treasury department before to obtain his library card. The receipt will be given by the cashier after the payment is done. The borrower will present the receipt to the cashier to claim his library card and the librarian will check the receipt if it is a validated receipt, after checking the receipt, the librarian will sign the library card of the borrower and it to the borrower. All books that are overdue will charge five pesos each book per day starting from the date the books are overdue. The acquisition of books is done when new books are supplied and delivered by the Department of Education. All newly acquired books will record by the librarian in the library catalogue and placed it in the shelves. The record of the books are filled and kept in the library’s filing cabinet. The inventory of the book always done in every month, then librarian will make a report of the list and number of the books available in the library. Furthermore borrowed book, overdue and lost or unusable book will also include in library inventory. All reports will be given to the accounting department which is then processed for verification and for the accounting department own inventory records. Narrative Description of the Existing System Registration 1. The students will present their school identification card to the librarian. 2. The librarian will give a policy form that the student will have to agree and sign a signature. 3. The librarian will provide a registration form to the student. 4. The student will fill up the registration form and give it to the librarian. 5. The librarian will provide a library card for the student and write their basic personal information. Borrowing of Books 6. The student must sign in the log book upon entering the library. 7. The student presents the library card and the book to the librarian. 8. The librarian will sign the library card and set a policy of duration of time and records it to a log book. 9. The librarian will take the library card of the borrower until the book is returned. Returning of Books 10. The student must sign in the log book upon entering the library. 11. The student will return the book to the librarian and the librarian will check the records of the borrower in the filing cabinet if returned book are overdue or damaged. 12. The librarian will provide a pay slip to the student if the book is damaged or overdue and pay at the treasury department. 13. The student must show the receipt of payment to the librarian for verification. 14. The librarian will return the library card to the student if there is no problem, and then the librarian will return the borrowed books from the book shelves. Searching of Books 15. The student must sign in the log book upon entering the library. 17. The borrower will search the book in the book shelves one by one using card catalog. Reports 18. The librarian checks the records from the filing cabinet and transfers it one by one in the report paper. 19. The librarian checks the book shelves every month one by one if there are missing books. 20. The librarian will provide a report base from the record of transaction that is process in that day. 21. The librarian will submit all the report to the accounting department for record purpose. Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System Figure 2. 1 Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System Figure 2. 2 Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System (Registration) Figure 2. 3 Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System (Borrowing of books) Yes No A Figure 2. 4 Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System (Returning of Books) Figure 2. 5 Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System (Searching of Book) Figure 2. 6 Procedural Flowchart of the Existing System (Reports) Analysis of the Existing System Therefore the proponent concludes that the proposed system will help the current library system of Sta. Cecilia Parochial School. For its manual use of library system which uses a catalogue card to search a specific book and a log book for the records of the borrowers name as well as the borrowed book. The librarian is facing some problems regarding to their existing library system regarding in their manual transaction. We noticed that the security of merit data of the existing system of Sta. Cecilia Parochial School too slow because of manual recording of borrower’s name and borrowed book. The librarian has difficulties in compiling the data in the filing cabinet because it can store limited number of data and it takes amount of space in the library where the records are being stored which should be used as space for the bookshelves. The Sta. Cecilia Parochial School’s existing system has also a difficulty in finding the borrower’s record especially when it is too precedent and sometimes not recalled by the librarian which can cause to missing books. With this kind of system there are so much time been use up that could be use in arranging things in the library and space for the other bookshelves that could be use for the upcoming books and for the books that should be arrange in order where they can be easily to find. Description of the Proposed System The proposed system will replace the existing into a more effective, accurate and less time process of transaction handling. Integration and computerization of the library’s existing system will be implemented in the library using a barcode that will enhance and shorten the process and transaction in the library. The registration process of the proposed system will require a school identification card and other personal information of a student or faculty member, they will sign up in the registration form of the proposed system, the registration form will require the borrower to have a unique name that is not yet included in the database, this information will directly saved in the database of the proposed system. After the registration, the librarian will print a library card containing the library card number and some information about the student or faculty. The borrowing of book will require a library card and the book number. The librarian will encode it in to the proposed system’s database and records the time and date of book are borrowed and the librarian will keep the library card until the borrower returns the book from the date it will be returned. When a student return a book the librarian will check the library card and verify it in the system and will clear the account of the borrower. If book the book is overdue to the policy that given the borrower have to pay first in the treasury department before his/her account will be cleared. In searching for a book, the system will provide a search button and the borrower will input the book title, author, or book number. The system will provide a map of the library that will locate the location of the book. The inventory and reports will provide by the proposed system’s database, the librarian will just print it out, and gathering of data will be an easy task. Narrative Description of Proposed System Registration 1. The student presents a library card to verify his/her identity. 2. The student must fill-up the registration form containing his/her personal information. 3. The student must agree to the terms and condition of the librarian. Search 4. The student or the faculty must present his/her library card to the librarian. 5. The student will use the search button in order to search a books.. 6. The student will type the author of the book or the title or the primary key of the book he/she wants to search. Borrowing of books 7. The student or the faculty must present his/her library card to the librarian. 8. The librarian must confirm the identity of the student or the faculty. 9. The librarian must punch the book the student will borrow by the Barcode Reader and sends the data to the database. 10. The student or the faculty must have a agreement when he/she will return the book. Returning of books 11. The student must present his/her library card. 12. The librarian must punch the book with the use of the barcode reader to check in the database if the book is over due in returning the book. 13. The librarian must check if the book has been damaged. 14. The librarian must confirm it to the database. Reports  15. The librarian must login first to his/her administrator account. 16. The librarian must compile what he/she wants to have a report. 17. The database will get all the data the librarian needed. 18. The computer will provide an output. Help 19. The student or librarian will choose a module from the proposed system 21. The proposed system will display the description for each module. 22. The proposed system will display the use and purpose of each module. Procedural Flowchart of Proposed System Start A A Input Username and Password Verifying Username and Password End ForgotYes Answer your secret. Password question B No Verify your answer Database Select One Registration C Search D A Figure 3. 1 Procedural Flow Chart of the Proposed System Registration C Input your personal information, . saving your personal information, and your student number. Database B Figure 3. 2 Procedural Flowchart of the Proposed System Search D Input title of the book, author, or the Primary number of the book. Finding the book, which shelf are they located, and availability Database B Figure 3. 3 Procedural Flowchart of the Proposed System Borrowing of books E Present your Library card Confirming your library card Database. Checking the book information Using barcode reader. Database Proof that he/she lends book. B Figure 3. 4 Procedural Flowchart of the Proposed System Returning of books F Checking the books; Damages, due time, using barcode reader. Damaged, YesInputting in the Over Duedatabase by the Database Librarian. I No Cashiers office Confirming that the book has been returned. Paying the penalty B Confirming by the DatabaseLibrarian I Figure 3. 5 Procedural Flowchart of the Proposed System Reports G Compiling & printing: -missing books -number of books Database -borrowed books -damaged books Print-out. B Figure 3. 6 Procedural Flowchart of the Proposed System Help H Manual regarding the software. Type the keywords Searching keywords B Figure 3. 7 Procedural Flowchart of the Proposed System Context Diagram of Proposed System Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System Security Module D1 Library System Database Exploded 1. 1 Forgot Password D1 Library System Database Borrowing of books D1 Library System Database Returning of books D1 Library System Database Searching of books D1 Library System Database Reports D1 Library System Database Help D1 Library System Database Maintenance D1Libr.

Complex Care Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Complex Care Nursing - Essay Example ) Hb Haemoglobin 130g/L. 140-174 g/L WCC White cell count 12.89x 109/L 4-10 X 109/L Table 1 Investigation results of Mr. Smith Chest X-ray showed right middle lobe pneumonia. Being a non-smoker, Mr.Smith had not travelled overseas and had no exotic pets. Clinical assessment Mr Smith had scored 15 on the Glasgow Coma Score (Trauma-org). This indicated that Mr. Smith was having the best score and that he was in a good clinical condition where his neuropsychological status was concerned. This meant that he had his eyes open and they were responding. He was oriented, answering questions and obeying commands. Mildly febrile, he had accompanying tachycardia and his pulse had changed from the normal 72 beats per minute to 98 per minute. This could be partly due to the raised temperature and partly due to the progression to acute pulmonary oedema. The middle lobe had an anatomy which predisposes it to frequent involvement. The narrowness of the lobar bronchus and the acute angle at which it took off made it prone to difficulties of drainage. Pneumonia formed one cause of non-obstructive middle lobe syndrome (Bordow et al, 2005). The isolated position of the middle lobe also produced an impairment of collateral ventilation from the neighbouring lobes. Clearance of secretions was simultaneously defective. Inflammations constituted 47% of middle lobe syndrome in researches (Bordow et al, 2005). The history of symptoms of cough, fever with chills and the expectoration that Mr.Smith presented with correlated to the middle lobe pneumonia. Frontal and lateral chest X-rays provided the best pictures of the middle lobe. The Blood Glucose level was a little raised from the normal. He could be a borderline diabetic who needed to be watched and advised for a sugar-free diet. The stress due to the illness also could raise the glucose level. Investigation at intervals could help in the diagnosis. The electrolyte levels were slightly less than normal. Due to the fever and illness of the past five days, he could have reduced his food intake. Potassium reduction could also have been due to dehydration through excessive sweating following the fever. Serum creatinine was just above normal level. The glomerular filtration rate was however near normal. Repetition of the investigations would help in deciding whether the patient was going in for other complications. Haemoglobin level was slightly less suggesting again that dietary intake could have been less. Caution must be taken to prevent anaemia. The high CRP level at 287 mg/L was indicative of the previous history of MI in Mr.Smith. It could also be an accompaniment of the middle lobe pneumonia, an infectious process. BP was slightly raised. Respiratory rate was 20/min. with shallow breathing. The saturated oxygen level was 98% using a 6-litre Hudson mask and it was the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen at the time of the measurement. The 98% was a favorable level but the best was the 100% saturation. An indwelling catheter had been inserted. An IV access was also found. Subsequent assessment In the assessment after one hour, the condition of the patient had

Program Outcome 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Program Outcome 2 - Assignment Example For instance, Unisys Corporation conducts daily managerial briefing that involves all managers and their assistants from all the key departments. As a result of this, information trickles down to employees least in the hierarchy within the shortest period and through the relevant channels. While conducting my research, not only the affectivity of communication that caught my attention but also a strong and well defined leadership style. I applied the skills obtained from my business leadership class to ascertain the relevance of the leadership style in harmonizing the workforce. Supervisors and managers within various departments of this corporation ensure close monitoring of their crew to maximize on their potential. Employees are awarded bonuses for work well done, and this enhances their morale. For instance, the Human Resource department keeps a record of all these bonuses culminating to wholesome cash at the end of the month. My research indicated that this was a key factor to the success realized by the corporation since every employee delivers his or her best with the aim of earning bonuses from

The Sustainability of Seafood Farms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

The Sustainability of Seafood Farms - Essay Example Moreover, it serves as a measure against which societies and institutions are evaluated, as well as a goal toward which communities and societies should aim. In respect to governance, sustainability implies interrogating existing ways of societal institutions in an attempt to determine to what extent they hearten vicious behaviors. In addition to this, sustainability results to a conscious endeavor to convert the status quo and encourage the advancement of increasingly maintainable models of activity (Dunphy, 2000). Sustainability is an essential factor in today’s global economy. This is because it results to an economically sustainable development. There are several advantages that economically yield as a result of sustainability. For instance, it recounts to the harvest of a self-renewing and specific natural resource, such as fish. Such a yield can be maintained for an indefinite period since it can be supported by the capacities of the fundamental normal system. A sustaina ble society can, therefore, be defined as the one which has adapted to comfortably live within the boundaries that have been established by nature’s limits (Dunphy, 2000). It can be upheld as an ongoing and collective entity since the behaviors and practices that heavily burden the environment have been abolished or reformed. A sustainable development indicates a process of advancements in the social nature of the society, which can accommodate the changing needs of the society, while at the same time integrating social, economic, and environmental contemplations in making any decisions. For any project to be sustainable, it should encompass some features. These features include social, economic, and environmental features. These have better being referred to as the Triple Bottom Line approach (Weber and Savits, 2006). The Triple Bottom Line also known as TBL or 3BL has, in fishing, has captured and expanded criteria and values for measuring the success of any organization ec onomically, environmentally, and socially. The goal of sustainability and the triple bottom line are usually described by People, Planet, and Profit. Economic and social factors have greatly been boosted by fish farming. Social factors have been boosted in that the society has significantly benefited from fish farming (Weber and Savits, 2006). Economic factors have, on the other hand been boosted in that maximum benefits have been reaped from the project. It is, therefore, arguable that sustainability has significantly influenced the Triple Bottom Line of fish farming. Production is the initial step in the process of trade. It can be defined as the conversion of raw materials into varieties that can be useful for human consumption (Marien, 1990). Production of fish can also be known as fish farming. It is the chief form of aquatic culture. It involves commercial rising of fish into enclosures or tanks for food. The current increase in demand for fish has, in turn, led to increased f ish farming. Distribution is a term used to refer to the process of conveying already produced goods to the consumers in the market. There are different methods of distribution existing in the market. This depends on the technological means and levels of progress within the region. An example of a way in which goods are distributed is by Efficient Consumer Response scheme. Fish distribution, therefore, refers to the process by which the

English - Genetically Modified Foods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

English - Genetically Modified Foods - Essay Example Yet, these developments are not purely benevolent. As the potential long-term effects of eating the resulting food is unknown, many consumers are afraid of future side effects and prefer foods that are naturally cultivated. Genetically modified plants and animals are, by definition, altered at their most fundamental levels, mutated in ways totally foreign to time-honored methods. One of the most significant debates presently occurring in the realm of genetically altered foods is over whether or not poultry produced via the developments of biotechnology create a healthy food supply. Although the full repercussions of consuming such meat over a lifetime will not be known for many years, I believe the prospects of better yields and stronger resistance to disease outweighs this. Genetically engineered poultry are the way of the future, and this future is to the greatest benefit to farmers, consumers and the poultry themselves. For thousands of years, mankind has domesticated fowl for eggs, meat and the breeding of subsequent generations of stock. Although using completely new methods and concepts, modern science is in fact advancing the practice of farming to achieve desired beneficial traits. Historical evidence suggests that humans have manipulated birds as required through purposeful breeding schemes and animal husbandry. Theoretically, genetic engineering is only a new potential avenue in this traditional art of bettering livestock populations. Combining the traits scientists wish to insert via biotechnology into the domesticated fowl is an ideal situation for farmers. Through this new tool in farming, consumers also benefit with lower prices, better tasting meat, and even meat which will microwave more effectively, thus answering to contemporary cooking instruments. People have always sought to enhance the desirable qualities of domesticated poultry. However, these processes may hot have anyways been humane or caring towards the animals. One such customary and fully legal practice in the United States is to starve hens for weeks at a time in order to manipulate egg production, despite the potential for serious health problems that might lead to premature death. Genetic engineering of the chickens can prevent further unethical acts towards these animals, which are regularly kept in mechanized environments and regularly mutilated, starved, forced to reproduce through artificial insemination, and left unprotected from widespread disease. Through the creation of chickens that are resistant to disease and able to mature quickly and stay in better health, the current ways of increasing the chicken growth rate can mercifully be abandoned. One of the worst negative effects of captivity is a dehabilitating leg weakness caused by tibial dyschondroplasia. In the natural environment, only 1.2 percent of chickens suffer from this condition, where 49 percent of domesticated chicken are plagued with these leg problems.1 The prospect of making chickens grow larger, leaner, and faster is very appealing to farmers, and as a biotech company president said, "I'm not sure that birds have preferences about their body shape." Genetic engineering can propagate a stock that is better suited for domestic conditions, insuring a better quality of life. Disease prevention among chickens is extremely important to both farmers and consumers,

The declining incidences of strikes in the United States and some Research Paper

The declining incidences of strikes in the United States and some possible explanations - Research Paper Example To understand the extent and causes of this phenomenon, one needs to leaf through the labor history of this country. Once the European settlements grew in America, notions of prosperity based on agricultural development slowly started to be replaced by the mineral wealth mined out from the earth. Gold and silver became the most coveted attributes and mining expeditions often ended up in looting of ancient civilizations like Aztecs and Incas. The American labour class emerged from the Native Americans who were deprived of their godly havens of Mother Nature and left to toil for a living by this new civilization. (Nicholson, 2004, p.4). Expansion of trade succeeded the crusades of 13, 14 and 15th centuries. America along with the whole world was witnessing the birth of the merchant class, the bourgeoisie. Colonies in Africa were established initially to exploit the rich natural resources but eventually the merchants realized that they could make use of the physical capabilities of the black Africans to further their commercial interests. America started importing African slaves who thereby joined the labour forces of the country. When following the civil war, slavery was finally abolished in 1865, all the free slaves got consolidated into a more visible form of working class. Thus it was the ethnic mix of natives and black slaves that formed the labouring masses of this country. Philip Yale Nicholson, writing on the labour history of USA had noted several historians observing that â€Å"the wealth produced by slavery and slave trade provided the economic foundation for the industrial revolution and that plantation slave labour was the precursor to the property-less industrial working class or proletariat.† (Nicholson, 2004, p.6) The working conditions of the early labourers were so inhuman that the human spirit in them often revolted in the form of â€Å"theft of property, flight into the wilderness or other colonies, rebellions, slowdowns, strikes, mutinies

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literature Review - Essay Example Both literature reviews and annotated bibliography provided an ordered list of sources used to write a research paper or a thesis. Most research works are based on works or findings of other scholars. The findings can either be applied in the qualitative or quantitative surveys that are carried out through such scholarly works. This indicates that using ideas or information from other researchers is unavoidable. Annotated bibliographies and literature review enable a scholar to acknowledge other scholars who provided a basis for their research work. In addition, through the literature reviews and annotated bibliographies, scholars are able to give the basis or the foundation of their research topic (Fink, 2009). This is achieved by giving a description of previous researches in other related topics. Despite the outstanding similarities between the two, literature reviews are not annotated bibliographies. Annotated bibliography contains an ordered list of sources used in the research works and their respective authors. In addition, annotated bibliographies give a short description that highlight the relevance of those sources in the research work. On the other hand, literature reviews is an essay containing background information about the different the sources used in research work. The description that accompanies a source in a literature review informs the reader about the quality and the relevance of the source to the study. Literature reviews also include important factors or points from the source that has been applied in the work. Thus, a literature review summarizes and analyzes an already existing arguments and deductions. Precisely, annotated bibliography present facts about different sources used to write the research work while literature reviews provide a brief summary, evaluation and analysis about different ideas, topics and arguments contained in the source. Different sources have different implications on the resultant research work. The author has the responsibility of informing the readers about the credibility of different sources used in the research. Authors use annotated bibliographies to inform the readers about the accuracy, relevance and the quality of the source used in research work (Fink, 2009). On the other hand, literature reviews are used inform the readers the pros and cons of the sources in relation to the research topic. In a literature review, an author or a researcher has the abilities to criticize the source by highlighting the missing elements. In addition literature reviews gives the direction or trend of future research work based on different sources used in the research. Finally, a literature review places a particular research work in its immediate context. This implies that in a literature review, a researcher provides a succession of ideas in a particular research topic. This makes it possible for the researcher to identify a gap of knowledge or ideas that can be filled by the present research work. In addition, a literature review provides a response to particular problems that can be used to improve the discipline. This enables the author to create a case for further investigation. On the other hand, annotated bibliography provides criticism to different sources based on their quality in relation to the research work. Unlike annotated bibliog

Super Size Me Analysis Essay Example for Free

Super Size Me Analysis Essay To some, eating solely off the McDonald’s menu for thirty days to see what the effects may be is looked down at as an attack on unhealthy and fast food corporations, but to many, Super Size Me is an incredible documentary that helps shine a light on the horrendous effects that fast food has on our society. Morgan Spurlock’s rules are simple: only food off of McDonald’s menu may be eaten, he must consume three meals a day, if asked to super size he must, and everything on the menu must be eaten at least once. On day one he goes and gets baseline measurements of his body from numerous health and medical experts to be able to gauge himself as the month progresses, and from there on out, it’s chow time. Morgan Spurlock’s Super Size Me digs beyond the obvious correlation between fast food and poor health. Spurlock exposes the flaws in our society’s choice of food, makes the point that personal responsibility is essential, and openly criticizes corporate and government deniability. By using an extremely personal setting, a plethora of unforgettable visuals, interesting dialogues, a steady change in tone, and incorporation of children, Spurlock effectively delivers his message that fast food is a fast way to deteriorate your state of health. Morgan Spurlock, unlike many other documentary producers, creates an extremely personal point of view. He does so by allowing the viewer to see over his own shoulder, and not a random test subject, to watch his month long McDonald’s binge. Spurlock immediately, and at times humorously, opens up completely to the audience. Before the viewer knows it, Spurlock is half naked at the doctor’s, throwing up on camera, and being torn apart by his wife about his in ability to perform in the bed. By having this more personal and open point of view, Spurlock is able to earn more of the audience’s trust making it easier for him to get his message across. Second to the personal setting, the visual effects utilized by Spurlock make the message of the documentary hard to forget. Without fail, every two to five minutes a McDonald’s â€Å"Golden Arches† appear somewhere on the screen, making it hard for the audience not to pair a negative denotation with it by the end of the film. Aside from all of the McDonald’s signs, the camera consistently zooms in, as close as one would ever want to be, to Spurlock’s super sized french fries and extra greasy Big Mac. Watching the repetitiveness of close ups on processed, fried, and poorly made food is enough for any viewer to not want to east fast food for quite sometime. Spurlock also uses simple charts, such as the ones to display his portrait as days pass, to allow the viewer to easily see the trend of negative health increasing directly with the amount of time spent on his McDonald’s diet. Another interesting visual Spurlock uses is the satanic drawings of what appears to be Ronald McDonald. The pictures are demonic and are supposed to depict Ronald as a ruthless clown and not someone a little kid would like to be around. And if all of these visuals weren’t enough, Spurlock goes even further when he shows a common body weight reduction surgery in action. The viewer first sees probes with cameras and tools inserted into the patient’s repulsively large belly, and then ends up inside the patient’s fat filled stomach watching the surgeons nip and tuck away. Spurlock makes it very hard for the viewer to forget what his message is with all of these images that stick in the back of your mind. From the head of McDonald’s to a middle school kid buying lunch, Spurlock carries out an assortment of dialogues throughout the documentary. Although many are significant, the most memorable and effective would have to be the conversations Spurlock has while visiting Madison Junior High School. He first confronts a girl with only cookies and french fries on her plate and asks her if she’s going to eat anything else. The girl simply says no. Spurlock moves on to the lunch line and asks a girl if she was going to get anything else other than french fries on her plate and she responds, â€Å"Well I’m getting milk†¦ its my calcium and my vegetables. † If you weren’t disgusted with the kid’s food choices alone, Spurlock moves on to the lunch ladies to get their two cents on the food being served at their school. The lunch ladies were content with the saying â€Å"ignorance is bliss. They serve the kids french fries, swiss rolls, and high sugar drinks, assuming that they had brought their own sandwich from home, but none of them ever checked to see. They all claim that they are setting up the kids to make the right choices yet most of the kids aren’t. All of these dialogues Spurlock has at the Junior High School in Illinois were very eye opening, and made the viewer feel obligated to see more of what is going on behind the scenes at their own local schools. Further on in the film, Spurlock calls McDonald’s  Headquarters trying to set up an appointment with someone high up in the corporation. Nearly every phone call he made he is promised either a message be delivered, a return phone call, or a good time to call back. Following close to twenty phone calls later, Spurlock gives up trying to schedule an appointment with the head of McDonald’s. After seeing Spurlock get shot down time and time again, it makes the viewer wonder if McDonald’s is trying to dodge a question that could damage their reputation, as well as contemplate how unprofessional their business is run. Another key strategy Spurlock uses throughout his month long McDonald’s stint is the gradual change in tone. From the beginning, Spurlock is very excited to kick off his McDonald’s exclusive diet and has a cheerful tone and positive attitude. After a couple of days turn into a couple of weeks, Spurlock’s tone changes drastically. Instead of optimistic and cheery, like from the beginning of the month, Spurlock now has a rather negative and dire one. Phone calls between him and his girlfriend that once were normal, turn in to him seriously questioning his will to continue with his experiment. Spurlock’s tone and attitude are easily noted as having a negative correlation with days spent on the McDonald’s diet. By showing this trend, Spurlock is able to emphasize the emotional, rather than just the physical, effects of his diet to the viewers. Throughout the documentary, Spurlock continuously incorporates children to capture the viewer’s attention and to show that the obesity problems start at a young age. â€Å"A Pizza Hut, a Pizza Hut, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and a Pizza Hut. McDonald’s, McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and a Pizza Hut† is sang by young children, some being obese, right at the start of the film. If this doesn’t raise a red flag in one’s head that children are being taught how to sing America’s most unhealthy fast food restaurants in school, I’m not sure what will. Spurlock also spends a decent portion of his documentary in schools. He examines the food choices available to the kids, asks them about what they eat, and observes their physical education class. The most effective use of incorporating children is the interviews he conducts by holding up pictures of famous Americans and famous fast food icons, then asking the children who they are and what they were. Some of the children could identify George Washington and what he did, but as soon as Spurlock showed them a picture of Jesus all were stumped, one boy even guessed he was George W. Bush. Then the pictures of Wendy and Ronald McDonald were shown, and to no surprise every kid there knew exactly who Ronald was and that he is associated with McDonald’s. By putting this emphasis on young children being led down the wrong path at an early age, makes the viewers compelled to believe that our society is going wrong with teaching healthy food choices. Whether it was the personal touch, visuals, dialogues, change in tone, real footage, or incorporation of children, Morgan Spurlock does an impeccable job provoking Americans to question their choice in food and influencing them to take action. When the final results of Spurlock’s experiment are posted (13% weight increase, cholesterol level of 230, and dysfunctional liver) it’s going to be very hard for me to walk into a McDonald’s. So, next time I’m faced with the choice of eating at fast food or taking a little time of my day to cook myself a meal, I definitely know which one I’ll be doing, but the real question is will everyone else?

Investigate the use of internet activities Essay Example for Free

Investigate the use of internet activities Essay ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research study will neither be possible nor successful without the enduing support of trusted people in the lives of the researchers. We thank them with all our hearts and tears. The researchers would like to thank our thesis advisers Dr. Lita S. Sagun and Professor Melanie Pacho, for their patience and concerns in the accomplishment of this research paper. Also, the researchers extend a sincerest gratitude to Dean Orlando M. Cabigting, Jr. for his warm support in our data gathering, as well as Engr. Michael V. Benavidez and Prof. Albert A. Vinluan for making it possible. To the panel members, ______________________, _____________________, ______________________ for spending their time to share ideas and suggestions through the development of our paper. To our family and friends, who serve as our inspirations in doing our best to improve ourselves and our thesis as well. We thank them in showing full support and understanding to strengthen our hopes to finish this study. And of course, the most trusted of all, the Almighty God, for the blessings, guidance, knowledge and wisdom that He shared to give us enough perseverance and courage to go beyond success. APPROVAL SHEET The thesis paper hereto entitled INTERNET ACTIVITIES AND SLEEP DEPRIVATION, prepared and presented by MARY ROSE M. LEYSON, LES PAUL C. BUSTAMANTE, LEONY B. BOLAÑOS AND APRIL ROSE C. BILLONES, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Psychology is hereby examined for acceptance and approval. _______________________ Thesis Adviser Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _______ on 14th day of September, 2013. ____________________________________________ Member Member ______________________ Member Accepted as partial fulfilment of the requirement needed in Psychological Thesis Writing for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Psychology. Dr. LITA S. SAGUN Head, Psychology Program Dr. ORLANDO M. CABIGTING, Jr. Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ABSTRACT Title: Internet Activities and Sleep Deprivation Researchers: Mary Rose M. Leyson, Les Paul C. Bustamante, Leony B. Bolaà ±os, April Rose C. Billones Adviser: Dr. Lita S. Sagun Date: 2012-2013 The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of internet activities that may affect the sleeping hours of a person or else cause of sleep deprivation. The research aims to provide some possible solutions to utilize the cause of sleep deprivation. It is also conducted to the beneficiaries of the study including the students, parents, teachers and future researchers. In order to gather data and information, researchers used the descriptive method through the use of instruments such as survey questionnaires and interview. The interview is conducted to a sleep specialist, Dr. Instrella of Capitol Medical Center to further understand about sleep deprivation. Survey questionnaires are administered to Computer Science students of New Era University as the respondents of the study. For data presentation, statistical treatments are percentage and weighted mean. Researchers also used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to determine the sleepiness of the respondents after using the internet. Researchers’ objective is to give awareness for the possible cause and effect of sleep deprivation to the students in using internet so as to be the starting point of letting this usual thing to us. This study provides information to the parents and teachers about the risk of having sleep deprivation amongst students. This study was conducted at New Era University in Computer Science Department with 207 respondents. Through random selection, there are 126 male respondents and 81 female respondents. According to age, there are 49 participants in 15-16, 83 participants in 17-18, 57 participants among age 19-20, and 18 participants from age 21 and above. The study found out that male respondents are more likely to have sleep deprivation if they continue not to control their time facing the internet every night than female respondents. Based on the results, researchers recommend limiting the time of using the internet, have a time-management, use of library books or any printed material for doing assignments and also provide a comfortable room to sleep with. TABLE OF CONTENTS Title pagei Dedication.ii Acknowledgement..iii Approval Sheet.iv Abstract..v Table of Contents..vii CHAPTER 1. The Problem and Its Background1 Statement of the Problem4 Assumptions5 Significance of the Study..6 Scope and Delimitation 7 Definition of Terms.7 2. Review of Related Literature..12 Theoretical Framework..23 Conceptual Framework.26 3. Research Methodology.28 Research Design .28 Respondents..28 Research

The Rise Of Secularization In 19th Century

The Rise Of Secularization In 19th Century The secularization of 19th century England was multicausal. Various factors contributed to this process. Among them were post-effects of The Enlightenment namely humanistic philosophy that manifested itself with the spread of deism and Enlightenment aesthetics. Other factors included science and natural theology. Natural theology was the attempt of the church to stave off secularization, but in fact hastened the process. Clearly science was more responsible for the secularization of nineteenth century England than Enlightenment humanistic philosophy. This essay will explore the watershed of natural theology and its demise in nineteenth century England. Recognizing the intellectual context and environment that existed at the turn of the 19th century helps illuminate why humanistic causes contributed to Englands secularization. There was, as Thomas Kuhn states, a paradigm shift in society. The industrial revolution led to massive urbanization that often occupied previously religious building for commerce and industry. Cathedrals, abbeys, and churches gradually became merely additional spots in a city and no longer the city centres or primary places of gathering. There was a shift from superstitions and spiritual explanations for different phenomena to physical and reason-based explanations especially between the 17th century before 1660 and the Enlightenment of the 18th century. (155) For example, before this paradigm shift people dealt with the insane via exorcism because their insanity was attributed to Satan. (Brook 1993, 155) Afterwards, new medical elites deemed these practices madness and attributed insanity to non-spiritual ca uses. Among these events specific groups formed, which were led by this appeal of rationality over conventional religion such as the aesthetes and deists. The aesthetes, such as Irish author Oscar Wilde, deists and other groups resented bourgeois society particularly the rigid conservatism, oppressive hypocrisy and suppression of intellectualism of the church. Historians of Victorian intellectual life such as David J. DeLaura have recognized that numerous Victorian atheists and agnostics left the Christian church because they believed Christianity was becoming immoral. The loss of religious faith in such representative early Victorian agnostics as F. W. Newman (John Henry Newmans brother), and J. A. Froude was not due to the usually suggested reasons of the rise of evolutionary theory in geology and biology. The dominant factor was a growing repugnance toward the ethical implications of what each had been taught to believe as essential Christianity the doctrines: Original Sin, Reprobation, Baptismal Regeneration, Vicarious Atonement, and Eternal Punishment. (DeLaura 1969, 13). Murphys journal article The Ethical Revolt Against Christian Orthodoxy in Early Victorian England (1955) in The American Historical Review explains how it was predominantly ethical rejections of Christian Doctrine that led to the secularization of 19th century England. He presents case studies of three individuals F. W. Newman (1805-97), J. A. Froude (1818-94), and Mary Anne Evans (1819-1880). Murphy explains that contrary to the popular views, that once Darwin and Lyell demonstrated that neither the origin of the earth nor the origin of man according to Genesis was congruent with scientific discovery that the majority of thinking people became agnostic or atheist, secularization occurred during the Victorian age predominantly due to conflicts between orthodox dogma and meliorist ethical bias of the times. (Murphy 1955, 801) Murphy argues that science did provide important ammunition once the attack on orthodoxy had begun, but it did not produce the attack. The records of these three people leave no trace of having read Lyell and they all had left the church 10-20 years before Origin of Species was published. Newman grows up in a Christian home but later writes a book Phases of Faith where he describes that he is disturbed by the dominant Christian doctrines believing them to be unethical. Newman finds through critical reasoning that the sacrifice of Christ serving as atonement was not logical because attacking the infinite strength of Christ was evading not satisfying justice as Christ was not really harmed. (Murphy 1955, 803) Murphy explains that Froude did not waste time on fine points of science or Biblical scholarship, but came straight to the main point: the intolerable ethical primitiveness of the vicari-ous-atonement principle (808) Froude states the atonement principles claim that the guilt of a mans sin be transferred, even voluntarily, to an innocent Christ is a perversion of justice. Furthermore to then state that a mans sin is a loss that God suffe rs by which He would need satisfaction that needed to be paid, without it mattering by whom, is an insult to Gods persona. Finally, Evans deviates from the faith because she believes that it is unethical and untrue that religious faith is a necessary prerequisite to attaining moral excellence. In an article entitled Evangelical Teaching: Dr. Cumming (Westminster Review, October 1855) she writes about Dr. Cumming, a self-righteous admired London preacher to be teaching Christian doctrine found to be subversive of true moral development and therefore positively noxious. (Evans 1855, 1) Thus, these case studies demonstrate how the secularization of 19th century England occurred due to meliorist rejections of ethical issues found in church doctrine. However, what even more greatly contributed to the secularization of nineteenth century England was the development of science. Science was viewed as a vehicle of social and intellectual liberation. (Brooke 1993, 155) Natural Theology attempted to make theological claims about the existence of God by observing nature and drawing conclusions via the design argument instead of making claims based on Gods own self-revelation via scripture. The design argument is proposed by Paley in his work Natural Theology (1802) There cannot be design without a designer; contrivance without a contriver; order without choice; arrangement, without anything capable of arranging. (12) Paley believes nature is a mechanism, and hence was intelligently designed. He made this connection because he was writing while England was experiencing the Industrial Revolution. American Philosopher Alston in Perceiving God defines natural theology as the enterprise of providing support for religious beliefs by starting from premises that neither are nor presuppose any religious beliefs (Alston, 1991b, p.289) Natural theology as defence of Christian theology proves fatal. Swiss theologian Barth rejects Natural Theology. He states that this belief causes a bifurcation of knowledge of God into natural knowledge of God and revealed knowledge of the triune God, which is scientifically theologically intolerable. Barth argues that unless rational structure [is] bound up with the actual content of the knowledge of God it [becomes] a distorting abstraction.(Torrance, 1970, 128). American philosopher Platinga views Natural Theology as an attempt to prove or demonstrate the existence of God. This is a problem because it supposes that belief in God rests upon evidential basis. Hence belief in God is not a basic belief and self-evident. Belief in God necessitates being grounded on a more basic belief, but doing this gives the more basic belief greater epistemic status than belief in God. Platinga argues that belief in God is itself basic and does not need justification with references to other beliefs. Natural theology provided deists and atheists new ammunition to establish their own arguments. If God could be explained exclusively with empirical evidence, then His non-existence could also be explained exclusively with empirical evidence if that evidence could be attributed to another origin. Lyell in his Principles of Geology (1830) argues for uniformitarianism stating that the same physical and geological forces observed in the present have been active over a colossal span of time in the past. Darwin in On the Origin of Species (1859) poses a similar argument along with counter-teleological arguments of natural selection, presenting directionality within nature without implying progression or purpose. (McGrath 2010, 36) Biologist Thomas Huxley and Physicist John Tyndall make significant contributions in delegitimizing natural theology and using science to secularize England. Huxley debates and rebukes Oxford bishop Wilberforce when Wilberforce denounces Darwins evolution theory in their debate of 1860 at the British Association meeting at Oxford. This was but one of many events concerning the clergys lost domination of intellectual life in Britain. When the British Association for the Advancement of Science was founded in 1830 clerics composed 30% of its total members. During the period 1831-1865 forty-one clergy were in association. Then in the period 1866-1900 only three remained. (Brooke 1993, 50) Between 1660 and 1793 the scientific world established more than 70 official scientific societies (and almost as many private ones) in urban centres as far removed as St. Petersburg and Philadelphia. (Brooke 1993, 152) Huxley and his colleagues use the conflict thesis of science vs. religion to attack t he Anglican and Roman Catholic churches. Drapers History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science (1874) and Whites History of the Warfare of Science and Theology in Christendom (1896) made the Conflict thesis well know arguing that it is the nature of science religion to be in opposition. Draper in his work states, The history of Science is not a mere record of isolated discoveries; it is a narrative of the conflict of two contending powers, the expansive force of the human intellect on one side, and the compression arising from [traditional] faith and human interests on the other. (Draper 1874, vi) Northwestern University History Professor Heyck argues that Victorian scientists wanted nothing less than to move science from the periphery to the centre of English life (Heyck 1982, 87) Tyndall in 1874 gave a speech in Belfast, a very religious city, before the annual meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. He argues that science holds greater authority than religion or non-rationalist explanations. In his attack on religion Tyndall upholds rationalism, consistency and scepticism. Thus, at the close of the 19th century, the concept was cemented into the English psyche that science and religion were in grave conflict and that, as such, science needed to be divorced from religion or non-rationality. Natural theology had been warped into a new breed of naturalistic science where the observations of nature provided evidence for an evolutionary origin not needing a religious explanation. Although post-effects of the enlightenment clearly did contribute to the secularization of 19th century England, they were not as significant as the contributions of science. Secularization in England had to do with changing society so that it was no longer under the control or influence of religion. The argument that meliorist objections to the ethical components of Christian Doctrine were the driving force that disempowered the church does not hold. Issues regarding ethics did decrease the membership of churches, but it did not disempower the church like science did. Science through the rise and fall of natural theology gave birth to a whole new generation of figures such as Huxley and Darwin who undermined the role of the church in society. Ethical grievances marginalized specific groups of people such as the aesthetes from the church but it did not remove the churchs influence over society to the same degree that scientific development did. The demise of natural theology led to a series of publications and conferences that took away the churchs predominant role in the field of science and society. Post enlightenment effects such as questions on ethics acted as a catalyst for secularization, but it did not lead to significantly greater removal of church influence. The enlightenment and science are inextricably linked but the effects science and natural theology had on removing church influence and supremacy in Victorian England caused greater paradigm shifts in society than ethical conflicts as evinced by the sources. Thus, it is clear that science to a far greater extent led to the secularization of nineteenth century England. The evidence demonstrates that Natural Theology did not strengthen but instead weakened the church. By attempting to demonstrate Gods existence and presence by empirical analysis exclusively theologians provided a platform for a new emergence of deism and atheism. Lyell, Darwin, Huxley, and Tyndall acted as catalysts to this process as they used the premises of Natural Theology to draw new conclusions about the origins the earth and living organisms. Draper and White towards the end of the nineteenth century concluded that science and religion had become enemies in their conflict thesis undermining religious activity as non-rational. Post effects of the enlightenment, such as the meliorist objections to the ethics of church doctrine and the emergence of new anti-religious groups such as the aesthetes did contribute to Englands secularization but to a lesser extent. Hence, s cience was the predominant factor in the secularization of England in the 19th century. Word Count: 2054 The above essay is all my own work: the source of all material used in its compilation has been duly cited and all help received is acknowledged. The essay does not substantially duplicate material previously or simultaneously submitted to academic staff at any academic institution. Jesse Alvarez

Is Technology Changing Culture? Essay -- Technology

Do it yourself (DIY) is a term used to describe building, modifying, or repairing of something without the aid of experts or professionals. The phrase "do it yourself" came into common usage in the 1950s in reference to home improvement projects which people might choose to complete independently. In recent years, the term DIY has taken on a broader meaning that covers a wide range of skill sets. DIY is associated with the international alternative rock, punk rock, and indie rock music scenes; indymedia networks, pirate radio stations, and the zine community. In this context, DIY is related to the Arts and Crafts movement, in that it offers an alternative to modern consumer culture's emphasis on relying on others to satisfy needs. The abbreviation DIY is also widely used in the military as a way to teach commanders (hence how from this YouTube videoclip) or other types of units to take responsibility, so that they'd be able to do things themselves just as a preparation for their own future.The dynamic association among culture and technology means that technologies furthermore change the cultures that use them regularly. Presumably, this alteration in culture is better for at least the predictable future, or there would be no motive to use the new technology, that constantly d evelops. However, humans have a tendency to concentrate on the short-term benefits without thinking about the long-term penalties. Whether the failure to foresee how technologies will ‘move’ culture is the outcome of a biological inclination to overlook the long term problems or the inability to comprehend and predict all thinkable consequences is arguable. [1] Sometimes technologies result in cultural modifications that become non-efficient in the long run.... ...e and Technology." Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. . 3. "Â ." Acton Institute. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. . 4. "UnderstandingSociety." : Technology and Culture. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. . 5. "Technological Determinism." Technological Determinism. Web. 17 May 2012. . 6. "Talcott Parsons." Talcott Parsons. Web. 17 May 2012. . "Terra Nova." : Culture vs Technology. Web. 21 Feb. 2012. . "Home." Gapingvoid. Web. 21 Feb. 2012. .

Comparing Family in Breathing Lessons, Homesick Restaurant, and Acciden

Family Instability in Breathing Lessons, Homesick Restaurant, and Accidental Tourist  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚           The perfect, suburban family has become a prominant theme and stereotype in American culture.   Families from the works of Anne Tyler represent the exact opposite of this cultural stereotype.   None of Tyler's novels contain families with faithful, domestic wives, breadwinning husbands, and 2.3 well-behaved, perfect children.   Tyler kills this misconcieved stereotype in Breathing Lessons, Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant, and The Accidental Tourist.   Anne Tyler grew up with her parents on a series of experimental communes, so she developed a different perception of family life.   She observes domestic life from the view of an outsider looking in.   Minor-- and sometimes major-- flaws characterize the average family in Tyler's novels because many of today's families are imperfect.   Because of her communal upbringing, she observes family life more honestly than do writers who romanticize family life. Tyler's novels show that the picture most people see when t hey think of the typical American family is shifting from the Cleavers to the Simpsons.      Ã‚  Ã‚   Anne Tyler was born in Minnesota in 1941, but much of her childhood was spent moving around.   Tyler never spent a minute of her childhood living in the type of suburban household so typical of the 1940's and 1950's. Because large, domestic Southern families surrounded her as she grew up, she was somewhat of an outsider in society.   Tyler's unorthodox upbringing caused her "...to view the normal world with a certain amount of distance and surprise, which can sometimes be helpful to a writer"(Crane 2).   Tyler realistically depicts family relationships without over-exaggerating them.  ... ...--- .The Accidental Tourist.   New York: Knopf, 1985.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -----.Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant.   New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1982. Yardley, Jonathan.   " Anne Tyler's Family Circles."   Washington Post, August 25, 1985, (pp. 311-313). Mathewson, Joseph.   " Taking the Anne Tyler Tour."   Horizon, Vol. 28, no. 7, September 1985, (p. 313). Demott, Benjamin.   " Funny, Wise and True."   New York Times Book Review, March 14, 1982, (p. 432). Updike, John.   " Bellow, Vonnegut, Tyler, Le Guin, Cheever."   Hugging the Shore:Essays and Criticism, New York: Knopf 1983, (pp. 434-435). "A Glance: Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant."   Available [Online], April 23,1999, http// www.Amazon.com. " A Glance: Breathing Lessons.   " Available [Online], April 23, 1999, http// www.Amazon.com." Crane, Gwen.   " Anne Tyler."   Scribner Writers CD, (pp. 1-19).

Explore the Different Types of Love Shown in Wuthering Heights

Explore the different types of love shown in Wuthering Heights Pages 70 -75 The love shown in Wuthering Heights on pages 70-75 is not only those of morality love, but also love that aches, and both types are each, for a different man. The simpler of the two is that of which Catherine feels for Edgar. Having chosen to marry Edgar, through no other reason than it is moral option; Catherine feels no true love towards him. When conversing with Nelly, and questioned on just what it is that Catherine loves about him, it is apparent, that she struggles to find an emotionally invested response.The responses that she does return to Nellys question, consisting of the adjectives, ‘handsome’, ‘pleasant’ and ‘rich’ all show that Catherine feels for Edgar’s appearance, which is also evidential later in the passage; ‘He is young and rich now, and I have only to do with the present. ’ This further shows the reader that Catherine’s lov e for Edgar is far from reliable, nor worth losing Heathcliff over. Catherine’s fight between both her heart and her head causes her to feel that Nelly is taunting her and doesn’t understand the dilemma of her situation; ‘but if you will not mock at me, I’ll explain it.. and further mentions that she can only give a small insight of how it is she feels; ‘I can’t do it distinctively. ’ The fact that Catherine feels quite apprehensive towards letting Nelly in on her ‘secret’, a secret in which she and she alone feels ownership over, which fails to include Heathcliff’s feelings toward her, shows that this love, the love for Heathcliff, is much harder to explain, hence she can find no words to describe it, compared to that of her love with Edgar.She later goes on to explain how in a dream, she visions herself in heaven and how she ‘broke her heart with weeping to come back to earth†¦ ’ This could be con sidered a vision into the future, in which due her decision, the decision to marry Edgar, she would eventually be in heaven, but without Heathcliff. Yet again, reference to how she cannot describe that it is Heathcliff she cannot live in death or life without and how it is Heathcliff of which she feels the strongest love towards, is apparent.Further into the extract, Catherine finally is truthful to Nelly on how she truly feels, and how those feelings are towards Heathcliff. Yet, although she is honest, she stills refers back to how she should be moral, ‘It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff; so he shall never know I love him. ’ How Catherine admits her love, although may not have been best said, the fact that she can say she loves Heathcliff, and with such emotion and sadness, shows that a truer love runs through their relationship, compared to that she has with Edgar.She later says that Heathcliff is more herself than what she is. This reference, of two people livin g like one, shows furthermore, that their love is stronger, and more possessive, a love in which two people cannot be themselves without the other. Heathcliff’s love for Catherine is briefly described by Nelly to Catherine, in which her honesty startles her. Enlightening Catherine to exactly what it is Heathcliff would lose; ‘a friend and love, and all! ’ further distresses Catherine, in which she reveals her true reasons for marrying Edgar, which are to help Heathcliff.Although the plan, as Nelly describes as nonsense, would fail to ever work, the reason in which she has made the plan, in order to rescue Heathcliff from her brother, shows that they’re love runs deeper still. The deepness in which in runs, in which she feels it is her duty to save Heathcliff from his perils rather than marry him as he is, shows how Catherine idioticness and young, foolish mind cannot comprehend how she should react to her feelings for Heathcliff. Pages 146 -149 In pages 14 6-149, it is made clear to us that Catherine, clearly ill, is sure to die, and requests that Heathcliff be by her side.This instantly shows that a dying person last wish, in some cases, would be to be near those they love dearly and truly, and in this case, Catherines is Heathcliff. His love for her is also apparent, ‘he bestowed more kisses than ever he gave in his life before’ through the amount of kisses sent upon her. His love through his actions for her as she lays dying, is also further insight as to how he’s felt about anyone else, as the amount of kisses he places upon her, are more than those for anyone else, and most likely, those that mean more.The use of ‘earnestly’ shows yet again, the possessiveness they share for each other and how one can surely not bare to see the other in weakness, not knowing that it is their love, that has made them weak towards each other. Even as Catherine continues to lie dying, she tortures Heathcliff by not r evealing her feelings truly to him, the feelings she holds so tightly for him, jokingly mentioning that him and Edgar ‘have broken her heart. ’ The quotation, possibly meaning that having chosen Edgar over Heathcliff, and Heathcliff’s departure, that he broke her heart, and by still choosingEdgar, he broke hers by not being able to love Heathcliff truthfully, yet it could also mean that by living with Heathcliff and by leaving him in her death, she will have lost him both to Edgar, and therefore her heart has been broken twice. Further reference to how the two loves cannot live by themselves, is that of when Heathcliff exclaims how he ‘could as soon forget her as his existence. ’ The continued reference of two hearts that can only live as one, constantly runs through their story, making their love the most powerful in the whole two-parted story.Catherine then goes on to admit that she cannot wish to be parted from Heathcliff once more. Referred to as ‘Mrs Linton’ during the scene yet again, shows how they have been parted in live, as the name ‘Linton’ is a constant reminder of how Catherine's blindness encouraged her to choose loyalty and morality, over true love. During Catherine's death, Heathcliff requests to know why she ‘betrayed her heart’ and why if ‘she’d loved him, what right she had to leave him’.Catherine’s response to Heathcliff's begs for answers are that she is dying for her mistakes, and she believes that her death is due to her bad decisions made in life, that she is forced to live without Heathcliff in the most harshest of ways. The love between Heathcliff and Catherine is apparent from the beginning, and it is also clear that she doesn’t share the same love for Edgar as she does for Heathcliff. A love of which aches, and turns individuals mad in their own lives, is the strongest in the book and especially in these scenes. A love of morali ty compared to that of a possessive, true love, wins no prizes in a competition.

Pmr in Hypnosis

PMR When you’re ready make yourself comfortable, take a deep breath and close your eyes. All you can hear is the sound of my voice, any other sounds you hear will start to fade as you listen to the sound of my voice. You will start to feel relaxed. More relaxed than you have been before. This is just for you, there is no one who needs anything from you and you can start to feel at ease with yourself. Feel your body start to relax. Feel the hair on the top of your head start to feel loose and free. Start to feel the muscles around your forehead relax and smoothen. Feel the tiny muscles in your eyebrows relax, move down to your eyelids and let them feel loose and relaxed. If you feel your eyelids twitching, don’t worry try and let them relax as much as you can. Relax your cheeks and feel the tiny muscles in your mouth loosen and relax. Moving down now to your neck, feel those muscles relax, feel the relaxation run down your spin. Feel all the weight being lifted off your shoulders and notice how comfortable and relaxed you feel. Move down now to your Arms, relax the muscles in your arms, your arms feel loose and heavy. Feel the relaxation go slowly through your arms to your hands and right to finger tips. You are now starting to feel more deeply relaxed. Notice how safe and peaceful you feel. Moving down now to your thighs and hips, notice how they feel comfortable and relaxed. Let that relaxation slowly tipple through your muscles down your legs and to the tips of your toes. You are feeling totally relaxed. Enjoy the feeling of being totally relaxed. Now I want you to picture in your mind a special place. A place you can go to when it is safe to do so, that makes you feel happy and relaxed. A place where you feel free as a bird to do what makes you happy. Try picturing the sounds of the sea slowly reaching the shore, all you can hear is the sound of the sea and the singing birds above you. Picture yourself lying on the beach and feel the soft sand running through your fingers, feel the sand in-between your toes now. And notice the warm sea breeze slowly working itself around your body like a blanket. While you listen to the sounds of the sea and feel the sand between your fingers and toes, you see a butterfly that lands on your knee. The butterfly has long colourful wings and you feel happy to be near it. You watch this butterfly for a moment before it flies off into the distance there is no one to bother you right now, you feel totally relaxed, safe and free to be wherever you want to be and do which ever you want to do. I am going to be quite for a moment and let you enjoy your special thoughts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Now you have found your special place I want you to remember to come here when it is safe to do so and relax. Relax and feel the peacefulness around you. Now I am going to count to five. After the count of five I want to you open your eyes, and when you do you will awaken feeling relaxed. 1. you are starting to become more aware of the chair beneath you 2. The everyday noises around you us are now coming back to you 3. half way there now feeling refreshed and relax 4. Nearly there now and 5. Open your eyes.